The medical waste incinerator
Electrical safety: The medical waste incinerator shall meet the requirements of IEC 61010-2-040, UL 61010A-2-041, or an equivalent electrical safety standard; as weil as the
electromagnetic compatibility requirements under EN 61326:1997 or equivalent standard.
Physical: Safety Belts, pulleys, chains, gears and other rotating parts as well as sharp edges, located where persons come in close proximity to them, shall be enclosed or guarded
to protect personnel. High-temperature surfaces and piping located where they could endanger personnel or create a fire hazard shall be covered with insulation
Noise level The noise level at 305 mm from any incinerator component shall not exceed 85 dBA.
Controls and instrumentation: The medical waste incinerator shall include control equipment and instruments, controls for burners and fans, time clocks, reJays, operating switches, indicator lights, gauges, motor starters, fuses, alarms, and circuit elements of the control system, and other controls and instruments necessary for operation of the incinerator.
The operation and regulation of the medical waste incinerator shall be done from a central console. The console shall include a visual graphic (screen) and computer recording to automatically monitor and record dates, time of day, batch number and operating parameters The medical waste incinerator shall include continuous online monitoring for combustion control including temperatures in both chambers, oxygen content, CO, C02, total organic carbon (TOC), moisture, and particulate matter (total dust) in the gaseous emission, measured
at every one minute interval or less
The control system shall include an emergency shut-down switch or button. The system should be protected against the effects of electrical short circuits
The control system shall prevent waste charging, if continuous loading, if the primary and secondary chambers are outsfde of their specified temperature ranges, and in the event of unsafe conditions#including failure of the combustion air fan, ID fan, or recirculation pump; and abnormal conditions at the air pollution control devices
Automatie control circuit systems and manual switches shall be interlocked to prevent hazardous conditions or the discharge of toxic air pollutants above the specified limits. The control system shall be able to use proportional control or other effective control algorithm to maintain the operating conditions specified herein.
Temperature measurement: The medical waste incinerator shall have an indicating recording pyrometer for measuring incinerator temperature with a range at least from O to 1315°C accurate to within ± 1% of range
The medical waste incinerator shall have thermocouples to measure gas temperatures and control burner operation, suitable for temperatures up to 1260°C and accurate to within 0.5% of the operating and indicating temperature range
Display indicators Temperature and other key parameters shall be readable by normal vision from a distance of 1.00m
Other indicator displays: Displays shall be able to indicate: operation in progress, end of cycle or fault conditions
lndicators for time: Error shall not exceed 1% of the indicated time in hours or minutes as applicable Fault condition In the event of a failure that prevents the completion of the process, the
controls shall be able to show a visual indication of failure and an audible alarm
Air pollution control where the medical waste incinerator is equipped with air pollution control devices, including de-dusting equipment and additional pollution reduction equipment, it shall be sufficient to meet the air emission limits specified in these specifications.
The following de-dusting equipment are acceptable: Fabric filters Operating < 260°C High temperature ceramic filters Cyclones
Electrostatic precipitators at 450°C
High performance adsorption unit with activated charcoal
The following additional emission reduction equipment are acceptable: Catalytic oxidation Gas quenching Catalytic oxidation
Catalyst-impregnated fabric filters Wet scrubber with lime solution
Dry scrubber with mixtures of activated carbon, lime, limestone Moving bed and fluidized bed reactors
Fixed bed reactor with activated carbon
Entrained flow or circulating fluidized bed reactor with activated carbon/lime or limestone followed by fabric filters
A ir emission limits: The medical waste incinerator shall be able to meet the follow ing air emission limits*, * *:
DAILY AVERAGE VALUES :
Total dust: 10 mg/m3 Carbon monoxide: 50 mg/m3
Gaseous and vaporous organic substances, expressed as total organic carbon: 10 mg/m3 Hydrogen Chloride: 10 mg/m3
Hydrogen fluoride: 1 mg/m3 Sulphur dioxide: 50 mg/m3
Nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide, expressed as nitrogen dioxide: 200 mg/m3
10-MINUTE AVERAGE VALUE:
Carbon monoxide: 95% – 150 mg/m3
HALF-HOURLY AVERAGE VALUES:
Total dust: 100% • 30 mg/m3, 97% – 10 mg/m3
Carbon monoxide: 100% – 100 mg/m3
Gaseous and vaporous organic substances, expressed as total organic carbon: 100% ·20 mg/m3, 97 % • 10 mg/m3
Hydrogen chloride: 100% – 60 mg/m3, 97% – 1O mg/m3 Hydrogen fluoride: 100% – 4 mg/m3, 97% –
2 mg/m3
Sulfur dioxide: 100% – 200 mg/m3, 97% • 50 mg/m3
Nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide, expressed as nitrogen dioxide 100% – 400 mg/m3, 97% – 200 mg/m3
AVERAGE VALUES OVER A SAMPLJNG PERIOD >6 HOURS TO 8 HOUAS:
Dioxins and furans: 0.1 ng l TE0/Nm3
AVERAGE VALUES OVER A SAMPLING PERIOD >30 MINUTES TO 8 HOURS:
Cadmium and its compounds: Total 0.05 mg/m3 Thallium and its compounds : Total 0.05 mg/m3 Mercury and its compounds: 0.05 mg/m3 Antimony and its compounds: Total 0.05 mg/m3 Arsenic and its compounds: Total 0.05 mg/m3 Lead and its compounds : Total 0.05 mg/m3 Chromium and its compounds: Total 0.05 mg/m3 Cobalt and its compounds: Total 0.05 mg/m3 Copper and its compounds: Total 0.05 mg/m3 Manganese and its compounds: Total 0.05 mg/m3 Nickel and its compounds: Total 0.05 mg/m3 Vanadium and its compounds: Total 0.05 mg/m3
Standard conditions defined as T = 273°K, P= 101.3 kPa, 11% 02, dry gas
Third Party Test Results: A copy of test results from stack sampling and analysis of air emissions from an incinerator of the same modal and capacity burning typical medical waste shall be provided and in compliance with EU DIAECTIVE 2000/76/EC. The tests shall be conducted by an independent Third Party duly accredited and certified. The test report shall
include concentrations of 17 congeners of 2,3,7,8-TCOO/F, corresponding detection limits, Toxic Equivalent (TEQ) using 1-TEF as well as TEQ from non-detected congeners and the maximum possible TEQ (estimated maximum possible concentration/upper bound). sampling standard recoveries, extraction standard recoveries, and other quality assurance/quality control information
Stack (chimney). The stack shall have a minimum height of 3.0 meters above ground level
Emergency bypass: The emergency bypass shall remain closed and should not permit the release of gaseous emissions during normal operations. The date, time and duration of the
opening of the emergency bypass during abnormal conditions should be recorded and included in the permanent record
Bottom ash handling: The incinerator should include a wet ash sump with additional means to prevent bottom ash from being released into the workspace
Painting and finishing: The inner surfaces of the outer casing of the incinerator, the exterior surfaces of the outer casing, the control panel, and piping, except corrosion-resistant steel, should be cleaned to the base metal for removal of eil and rust before primer is applied. A weather resistant finish should be placed on all items that will be exposed to the outside
Recording: Recording of operating parameters should be able to be done digital or analog and should include values sufficient to confirm that cycle parameters have been achieved and maintained within the manufacturer’s specified tolerances. Printed records should be readable for not less than 2 years
Typical service life 10 years
Spare parts Suitable for one year of operation
Languages of Operating and service manual English and French language
Warranty:
One ( 1) year warranty on parts and service after commissioning and acceptance
WHO, Safe management of wastes from health-care activities, Second edition 2014
* The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) 2001
